In October 1983, the Caribbean island of Grenada experienced political upheaval, culminating in a U.S.-led military intervention. The intervention was motivated by the potential threat of regional instability in the Cold War context and concerns over American citizens, including students, possibly becoming hostages on the island. Despite the operation’s quick conclusion, there were significant challenges in terms of operational planning, inter-service cooperation, and communications. This event later played a role in the establishment of the U.S. Special Operations Command in 1987.
  

Key Points: 

1. The political unrest in Grenada in 1983 led to concerns in Washington about regional instability in the context of the Cold War and potential large-scale hostage crises.
2. The U.S.-led intervention in Grenada faced numerous operational and coordination challenges, including a lack of current maps and communication mishaps, leading to reports of one member resorting to a payphone for artillery support.
3. One significant objective during the intervention was the unfinished Port Salines airfield, which witnessed chaotic scenarios with different military services attempting control and near-miss situations.
4. Following the Grenada operation and the failed Iranian hostage rescue in 1980, congressional leaders initiated the reorganization of the Pentagon’s special operations forces, leading to the creation of the U.S. Special Operations Command in 1987.
5. The Grenada operation played a role in reshaping the public perception of the U.S. military post-Vietnam, contributing to a positive image reconstruction that continued with subsequent operations in Panama and against Iraq.

Source: https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2023/10/19/grenada_1983_catalyst_to_upgrading_special_operations_987180.html